What is dermatosis and its main types

Dermatosis belongs to skin diseases, can affect hair and nails, and is caused by various factors, including infections, irritations, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. 

Treatment depends on the cause and may include moisturizers, antibiotics, antifungal drugs, or topical steroids (glucocorticosteroids). The latter are used for dermatoses that are sensitive to corticosteroids, for example psoriasis. If the disease is complicated by a bacterial or fungal infection, it is recommended to use the combined drug Triacutan. Its composition includes the corticosteroid betamethasone, the antibiotic gentamicin, and the antifungal clotrimazole.

How to identify the disease

Dermatosis means any irregularity or damage to the skin. Skin diseases that cause inflammation, such as eczema, are known as dermatitis. Examples can include such skin conditions as:

1. A lesion is an area that differs in color or texture from other areas of the skin.
2. A macule is a flat discolored spot.
3. A papule is a firm or cystic raised spot less than 1 cm wide.
4. A nodule is a skin growth.
5. A pustule is a small pus-filled sore.
6. A rash is an area of irritated or swollen skin.
7. A vesicle is a small fluid-filled blister.

A specific lesion points to a particular type of dermatosis, so it requires consultation with a dermatologist and an individual selection of medication.

Types of dermatosis

Among the main types are:

1. Acne (pimples) occurs when skin pores become clogged with dirt, sebum, or bacteria. It most often appears on the face, back, chest, and shoulders.
2. Alopecia areata is characterized by hair loss in round patches on the scalp, face, armpits, and ears.
3. Bullous epidermolysis causes thinning of the epidermis, which tears easily or becomes covered with blisters. Symptoms usually begin at birth and worsen with age. There is no cure for the disease, but it can be successfully managed.
4. Hidradenitis suppurativa (inverse acne) is a chronic skin disease that causes pimples on and under the skin. They are similar to lumps that form a tunnel under the epidermis and can cause scarring.
5. Ichthyosis is a group of skin diseases that cause dryness and flaking. The scaly patches usually itch, redden, and become rough.
6. Impetigo is a common infection caused by bacteria through skin-to-skin contact. It is often found in small children and wrestlers. It usually begins with itchy sores that later become crusted.
7. Keratosis pilaris (chicken skin) is diagnosed when tiny red bumps appear, becoming especially noticeable on dry epidermis.